Application of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene support combined with ear cartilage in rhinoplasty / 中华医学美学美容杂志

Objective:To explore the application of expanded polytetrafluoroethylene (ePTFE) as the main support combined with a small amount of ear cartilage in rhinoplasty.Methods:Through a nasal opening approach, the ePTFE was used as a support implant for the nasal dorsum and columella, and unilateral concha cartilage was used as a nasal tip modification graft.Results:This method was applied in 56 cases of rhinoplasty (36 cases of initial nose, 20 cases of silicone augmentation rhinoplasty). The wounds of 55 patients healed at one stage without complications, with satisfactory results (average follow-up of 6 months). In one case, nasal mucosa was damaged early after surgery, and the ePTFE was partially exposed, which healed after debridement and suture.Conclusions:For most primary rhinoplasty and simple repair of the nose, using ePTFE as the main support combined with a small amount of ear cartilage, has the advantages of fewer materials, rapid surgery, mild trauma, and stable postoperative results.

Therapeutic effect of different dosages of praziquantel on mice infected with Sparganum mansoni / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To observethe efficacy of mice infected with Sparganum mansoni by using different dosages of praziquantel.Methods A total of 156 Kunming mice were divided into 2 batches.each of them wag orally infted with 5 spargana.Thirty-six mice in the first batch were equally divided into 6 groups.the mice in group 1-5 were inoculated with spargana cultured in different concentrations of praziquantel for 3 days,the group 6 served as a control.One hundred and twenty mice in the second batch were equally divided into 12 groups,each mouse was inoculated with spargana obtained from frogs or tadpoles,group 1-9 were treated by different desages of praziquantel 1 or5 weeks post infection.group 10-12 served as controls.All of the mice wore sacriftced and dissectedl or 2 weeks after the treatment.the mean number of worms recovered was cmculated and worm reduction rates were determined.Results The number of worm recovered from mice infected with spargana cultured in 10-40 μg/ml of praziquantel had no significant difference with that of the control(P>0.05).The worm reduction rate wag 16.60%while the spargana beins cultured in 50 μg/ml of praziquantel.The worm reduction rates of the mice that sacrificed 1 week or 2 weeks after being treated by the same dosage of praziquantel had no significant difference(P>0.05).When being treated with 200.400 or 800 mg/kg of praziquantel 1 week post infection,the number of worm recovered from mice infected with spargana from frogs had no significant difference with those of the control 1 and 2 weeks after the treatment(P>0.05).The worm reduction rates between the groups with the same dosage 1 week and 2 weeks post treatment had no significant difference(P>0.05).When being treated with 200 or 400 mg/kg of praziquantel 1 week post infection,the number of worm recovered from mice infected with spargana from tadpoles had no statistically difference with that of the control 1 week after treatment (P>0. 05). The worm reduction rate of mice was only 17.02% while being treated with 800 mg/kg of praziquantel. The worm reduction rates among groups with different dosages had no significant difference (P>0.05). Compared with the mice infected with spargana from frogs treated with 1 200 or 1 800 mg/kg of praziquantel 5 weeks post infection, the difference between the numbers of worm recovered from mice 1 week and 2 weeks after treatment had no statistically significance (P > 0.05), but they were significantly higher than those of the controls (P0.05). ConclusionsPraziquantel (10-50 μg/ml) has no evident killing effect on spargnna in vitro, but when the dosage is higher(1 800 mg/kg), it has certain efficacy for treating the mice infected with spargana by oral inoculation.

Clinicopathologic Study of Tubal Pregnancy of 1000 Cases / 医学研究杂志

Objective To analysis the clinical characteristics of Tubal pregnancy.Methods 500 cases of tubal pregnancy were collected and clinicopathological changes,histopathologic feature were studied in 500 cases of tubal pregnancy,35 cases of them analyzed by electron microscope.Results Patholocal changes of the Fallopian tubes itself:Chronic nonspecific inflammation and peripheral inflammation of Fallopian tubes and endometriosis and the fatty infiltration of the tubal wall is 60%、2%、1.6%、0.8% and 2%.Conclusions The main pathological changes of fallopian tubes itself is chronic nonspecific inflammation.IUD and tubal sterilization and endometriosis and fatty inflitration of the tubal wall be causative of the tubal pregnancy.

Studies on Specific Diagnostic Antigens in Excretory-secretory Products from Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To find out the specific diagnostic antigens in excretory-secretory (ES) products from muscle larvae of Trichinella spiralis. Methods The ES antigens (ESA) of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae cultured in vitro at 18 h and 30 h were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Results At different times after cultivation, the protein components of ESA of T. spiralis muscle larvae were similar. SDS-PAGE revealed that the molecular weight(MW) of the major bands of 2 ES antigens were 112, 110, 108, 97, 53, 49, 45, 42, 35, 23 and 16 kDa. Western blotting showed that the protein bands with 102, 97, 95 and 53 kDa in 18 h ESA and the protein bands with 53, 49, 45 and 43 kDa in 30 h ESA cross-reacted with sera from the patients with paragonimiasis, clonorchiasis, schistosomiasis, and cysticercosis, respectively. The protein component with 23 kDa in ESA only reacted with sera from the rats and mice infected with T. spiralis and the patients with trichinellosis, but not reacted with sera from animals and patients infected with other parasites, and sera from normal rats, mice and persons. Conclusion The protein component with 23 kDa in T. spiralis ESA is the specific antigen of T. spiralis muscle larvae and it could be applied to the serodiagnosis and seroepidemiological survey of trichinellosis.

Prokaryotic Expression of Trichinella spiralis Gene Ts21 and Identification of the Recombinant Protein / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To express the antigen gene Ts21 of Trichinella spiralis, purify the recombinant protein and test its antigenicity. Methods T. spiralis gene Ts21 was sub-cloned into the prokaryotic expression vector pMAL-c2X and the recombinant pMAL-c2X-Ts21 was constructed. The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E. coli TB1 strain and induced by IPTG. The expression products were purified by MBP-binding affinity chromatography. The antigenicity of the recombinant protein was examined by SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. Mice were immunized with the recombinant protein, the titer of the immune sera was detected by ELISA. The distribution of Ts21 protein in muscle larvae was observed by IFA. Results The molecular weight of the expressed fusion protein was about Mr 63 500 and the expression level peaked at 4 h post-incubation. The portion of the fusion protein accounted for 18.2% of all the protein by thin-layer gel optical scanning. Western blotting demonstrated that the recombinant protein was recognized by sera from mice infected by T. spiralis (T1) and T. nelsoni (T7) as well as sera of patients with trichinellosis, but not by sera from mice in-fected with T. nativa (T2), T. britovi (T3) and T. pseudospiralis (T4). The recombinant protein did not react with sera from patients with ancylostomiasis, cysticercosis and schistosomiasis, but cross-reacted with sera from patients with parag-onimiasis, clonorchiasis and echinococcosis. High titers of antibodies were produced in mice immunized with the recom-binant protein. IFA showed that the Ts21 protein was mainly distributed in the cuticle of muscle larvae. Conclusion The Ts21 antigen gene of T. spiralis has been expressed and the recombinant protein shows antigenicity.

IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIFIC ANTIGEN OF TRICHINELLA SPIRALIS MUSCLE LARVAE / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To find out the specific antigens for immunodiagnosis of trichinellosis. Methods The soluble antigens of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae were analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western blot. Results SDS-PAGE revealed that the soluble antigens of T. spiralis muscle larvae had 29 protein bands with molecular weight (MW) from 112 kDa to 12 kDa, among them the protein bands with MW 65,43,42,31,30,20,17,16 kDa were the major bands. Western blot results showed that the protein bands with 112,110,108, 102,97,95,65,63,58,55,53,49,45,43,42 kDa in T.spiralis muscle larval soluble antigens were cross-reacted with sera from rats and patients with paragonimiasis, sera from patients with clonorchiasis, schistosomiasis, and cys-ticercosis. The protein components with 24 - 20 kDa were only reacted with sera from rats, mice infected with T.spiralis and patients with trichinellosis, and not reacted with sera from animals and patients infected with other parasites,and sera from normal rats, mice and healthy persons. Conclusion The protein components with 24-20 kDa in T.spiralis muscle larval soluble antigens are the specific antigen for T.spiralis muscle larvae, it could be applied to the immunodiagnosis and seroepidemiological investigation on trichinellosis.

Discussion on the Usage of Terminology of Some Parasites and Parasitic Diseases / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

According to the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature and the Standardized Nomenclature of Animal Parasitic Diseases(SNOAPAD),and considering the new advances in parasitology,the usage of the terminology of some parasites and parasitic diseases(such as Trichinella and trichinellosis,filariae and filariasis,Echinococcus and echinococcosis,etc.)was discussed.

Preliminary Study on Congenital Transmission of Trichinella spiralis in Mice / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To study congenital transmission of Trichinella spiralis in mice and observe the protection of anti-Trichinella antibodies from the infected dams to challenge infection. Methods According to the gestation (fertilization), the Kunming mice were divided into two groups: the infected group after gestation and the gestated group after infection. New-born mice were cut into small pieces to separate the larvae within 1 day after birth. One-day-old offspring born to normal dams were nursed by the infected dams, slaughtered after 21 days and examined for the larvae. Serum anti-Trichinella antibody level in offspring born to the infected dams was assayed by ELISA at different time after birth, and its immune protection against challenge infection was studied. Results Out of 6 offspring born to the dams infected at 7 days after fertilization, two were found to be infected. Among other female mice which were first infected with T. spiralis and then gestated, only the offspring born to the dams fertilized at 8 and 22 days after infection were found to be infected, the infection rate of offspring was 20% (2/10) and 25%(2/8) respectively. All larvae recovered from the young were non-encapsulated. The cross-fostering experiment showed that none of 30 offspring born to normal dams were found to be infected. The serum antibody positive rate in 27 offspring born to the infected dams at 1, 7, 24, and 40 days after birth was 100%, 100%, 77.8% and 14.8%, respectively. The worm reduction rate in the offspring 40 days after birth was 62.0% after challenge infection. The worm reduction rate in mice in which sera from the offspring born to the infected dams were passively transferred was 55.7%, there was a significant difference (P

Construction of DNA Vaccine of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae and Its Expression in Mice / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To construct and express recombinant plasmid containing the structural gene encoding {Mr 31 000} antigen of Trichinella spiralis muscle larvae. MethodsThe target gene TspE1 was amplified by RT_PCR, cloned into pUC18 vector, and sub_cloned into the eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3. BALB/c mice were immunized with the purified recombinant plasmid pcDNA3_TspE1 by gene_gun bombardment. The expression of recombinant plasmid in the skin tissue was observed by HE staining and immunohistochemical staining. Results and Conclusion The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3_TspE1 was successfully constructed and expressed in the BALB/c mice.

Immunodiagnostic Value and Immune Protection of the Recombinant Ts21 Antigen of Trichinella spiralis / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

0.05),but the cross reaction rate of recombinant Ts21 protein with sera from mice infected with T2,T3,T4 and T7 was considerably lower than that of ES antigens(?2=17.069,P

Effect of Pregnancy on the Immune Response against Trichinella spiralis Infection in Mice / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

0.05).Serum absorbance value of progesterone injected virgin mice(0.299) was significantly higher than that of no-injectedvirgin mice(0.191)(t=2.955,P0.05).Conclusion Pregnancy has a synergetic effect on immune response of mice against T.spiralis infection,which may be related with the increased level of serum anti-Trichinella antibody and enhanced ability of sera in mediating the death of pre-encapsulated larvae in ADCC.

Identification of Six Trichinella Isolates from China by Multiplex PCR / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Objective To identify and classify six isolates of swine-originated Trichinella from China. Methods Five specific pairs of primers were synthesized based on DNA sequence of expansion segment V region and internal tran-scribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of ribosomal DNA repeat from Trichinella. International reference strains of five Trich-inella species [Trichinella spiralis (T1), T. nativa (T2), T. britovi (T3), T. pseudospiralis (T4) and T. nelsoni(T7)] were used as control. Six swine Trichienlla isolates from Henan, Yunnan, Harbin, Tongjiang of Heilongjiang, Hubei and Tianjin were identified by multiplex PCR and its effecting factors of PCR amplification were observed. Results Electrophoresis results of multiplex PCR products of Trichinella larvae showed that the band (173 bp) of the six isolates was the same as T. spiralis(T1). The specific band (173 bp) was detected by multiplex PCR through amplification from issues of single T. spiralis larva, the larvae conserved in 80% ethanol for 6 months, the larvae stored in 10% formaldehyde, in 0.05% formaldehyde, 0.2% sodium azide or 0.05% merthiotate for 2 weeks,or fresh mouse muscle with larvae. Conclusion All the six swine Trichinella isolates are identified as T. spiralis (T1) by multiplex PCR.

Minimum Dose of Trichinella spiralis Muscle Larvae to Infect Mice / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Seventy male mice (Kunming strain) were randomly divided into 7 groups(10 mice per group), each mouse was orally inoculated with 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 or 3 muscle stage larvae of Trichinella spiralis, respectively. All infected mice were sacrificed 6 weeks post-inoculation, number of larvae per gram (LPG) of diaphragm were counted by compression method (trichinelloscopy), the carcass was digested by artificial digestion method and LPG was counted. The larval detection rate by trichinelloscopy and digestion method was 100%(10/10) in all mice infected with 30, 25, 20, 15 or 10 larvae, but 70% (7/10) and 100% in mice infected with 5 larvae, respectively. No larva was found by either method in mice infected with 3 larvae. There is a positive correlation between the larval burden (of diaphragm and muscle) and the infecting dose ( r=0.759, P

Diagnosis and Treatment of Trichinellosis / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

Lack of specific symptoms and signs makes clinical diagnosis of trichinellosis difficult. Epidemiological information is important, such as a history of ingesting raw or undercooked meat. An outbreak can be traced to a group of people dining together. Usual manifestations include abdominal pain or diarrhea with general discomfort in the enteric stage, and fever, eyelid or facial edema, muscle pain in acute stage. Complications, such as myocarditis, pneumonia, encephalitis, may develop in severe cases. Eosinophilia appears between 2 and 5 weeks after infection. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) using the excretory-secretory(ES) antigens of the muscle larvae or synthetic tyvelose as antigen is sensitive and specific, the serological method of choice as a screening test. Western blotting is needed to confirm the positive ELISA. Definitive diagnosis depends on the finding of larvae in a muscle biopsy specimen. Albendazole is the drug of choice for its treatment, 20-30 mg/(kg?d), two times daily for 5-7 days. Glucocorticosteroids are given only to severe cases and always be used in combination with albendazole, since they could prolong the intestinal phase of the infection and increase the muscle larval burdens.

Anti-Trichinella Antibody Level in Muscle Juice of Experimentally Infected Mice / 中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志

0.05). The absorbance value of Trichinella-infected muscle conserved at -20 ℃ for 10 wk decreased to 0.43, with significant difference from that conserved at -20 ℃ for 1 wk, but the positive rate was also 100%, and antibodies were detected in all muscle samples conserved at -20 ℃ for 20 weeks when the experiment was ended. Conclusion When animals died or were slaughtered and serum samples could not be collected, muscle juice can be collected from fresh, cool and frozen meat and used as a substitute sample for detecting anti-Trichinella antibodies.